How to draw DNA The DNA has twisted ladder or double helical structure. According to Watson and Crick DNA molecule consists of two polynucleotide chains wrapped helically around each other, with the sugar- phosphate chain on the outside forming ribbon-like backbone of double helix. Purines and pyrimidines on the inside of the helix projecting between two sugar phosphate backbones as transverse bars. The two polynucleotide strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between specific pairs of Purines and Pyrimidines. Now let's see how to draw DNA accurately. 1.Draw two vertical parallel lines as shown with pencil. 2. Draw a twisted wave touching two lines on either sides. 3. Draw another wavy curve as shown. Start the second curve a bit near the first curve to get proper grooves of DNA. 4. Make ribbon shape on the strands as sho...
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How to draw Internal structure of mammalian Heart The heart is mesodermal in origin. It is a thick walled, muscular and pulsating organ, situated in the mediastinum, and with its apex slightly turned to the left, it is of the size of a clinched fist. The heart is covered by a double walled pericardium which consists of the outer fibrous pericardium and inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium is double layered, formed of an outer parietal layer and an inner visceral layer. The parietal layer is fused with the fibrous pericardium, whereas the visceral layer adheres to the surface of the heart and forms epicardium. .The two layers are separated by a narrow pericardial space, which is filled with the pericardial fluid. 1.First draw basic heart shape on the paper with its narrow end towards your Right . 2.Then draw Precaval vein and Post caval vein on the Right side of the heart.Actually your Left becomes Right for the heart here. 3.Make the Muscular wall o...
How to draw Mitochondria Mitochondria is cell organelle which generates power required for cell and hence called `Power house of the cell". They are sac like structures present in the cytoplasm of the cells. They may be of various shapes like thread, spherical or club. Mitochondria have two compartments an inner compartment and an outer compartment. The viscous substance in the inner compartment is called Matrix. The matrix is surrounded by a membrane called Inner membrane. The inner membrane is thrown into several folds called Cristae. Now let`s draw mitochondria. Step 1: Draw a rough sausage shape with free hand in faint curve. Do not stop the curve in the middle, continue until you meet the starting point. Step 2: To give a sliced sausage look, draw one more curve as shown. Line inner side with another faint curve as shown. Step 3: Erase the inner line leaving the faint impression and mark the posit...





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